gas chromatographGas is used as the mobile phase (carrier gas). When the sample is "injected" into the injector by a micro injector, it is carried by the carrier gas into the packed column or capillary column. Due to the difference in distribution or adsorption coefficient between the mobile phase (gas phase) and the stationary phase (liquid phase or solid phase) of the sample in the column, under the flushing of the carrier gas, each component is repeatedly distributed between the two phases to separate each component in the column, then, the components are sequentially detected by a detector connected after the column according to the physical and chemical characteristics of the components.

The signal given by the detector for each component is shown as a peak on the recorder, called a chromatographic peak. The maximum value on the chromatographic peak is the basis of qualitative analysis, while the area covered by the chromatographic peak depends on the content of the corresponding component, so the peak area is the basis of quantitative analysis. After a mixture sample is injected, the curve recorded by the recorder is called the chromatogram, and the qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis results can be obtained by analyzing the chromatogram.

Gas chromatography is a chromatographic analysis method with gas as mobile phase, which is mainly used for separation and analysis of volatile substances. Gas chromatography has become one of the most important separation and analysis methods, and has been widely used in the fields of medicine and health, petrochemical industry, environmental monitoring, biochemistry and so on.

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